R = 8.314×10-3 kJ/mol·K         R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K
ΔHsoln= ΔHlattice + ΔHhydr      q = mcΔT         Sgas = kH×Pgas
ΔTb = ikb m      ΔTf = ikf m      Π = iMRT         ΔP = iXsoluteP°solv
Psolv = XsolvP°solv            Psolute = XsoluteP°solute   Ptot = Psolv + Psolute



1.
A sample of liquid octane in equilibrium with its vapor in a closed 1.0-L container has a vapor pressure of 50.0 torr at 45°C. The container's volume is increased to 2.0 L at constant temperature and the liquid/vapor equilibrium is reestablished. What is the vapor pressure?
A.
> 50.0 torr
B.
50.0 torr
C.
25.0 torr
D.
The mass of the octane vapor is needed to calculate the vapor pressure.
E.
The external pressure is needed to calculate the vapor pressure.


2.
Liquid ammonia (boiling point = -33.4°C) can be used as a refrigerant and heat transfer fluid. How much energy is needed to heat 25.0 g of NH3(l) from -65.0°C to -12.0°C?
Specific heat capacity, NH3(l)
4.7 J/(g·K)
Specific heat capacity, NH3(g)
2.2 J/(g·K)
Heat of vaporization
23.5 kJ/mol
Molar mass, M
17.0 g/mol
 
A.
5.5 kJ
B.
6.3 kJ
C.
39.4 kJ
D.
340 kJ
E.
590 kJ


3.
Octane has a vapor pressure of 40. torr at 45.1°C and 400. torr at 104.0°C. What is its heat of vaporization?
A.
39.0 kJ/mol
B.
46.0 kJ/mol
C.
590 kJ/mol
D.
710 kJ/mol
E.
798 kJ/mol


4.
Consider the following phase diagram and identify the process occurring as one goes from point C to point D.
A.
increasing temperature with a phase change from solid to liquid
B.
increasing temperature with a phase change from solid to vapor
C.
increasing temperature with a phase change from liquid to vapor
D.
increasing temperature with no phase change
E.
increasing temperature beyond the critical point


5.
Which of the following compounds will not form hydrogen bonds?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.


6.
Which of the following has a boiling point which does not fit the general trend of the others?
A.
NH3
B.
PH3
C.
AsH3
D.
SbH3
E.
BiH3


7.
Which of the following should have the highest surface tension at a given temperature?
A.
CH4
B.
CF4
C.
CCl4
D.
CBr4
E.
CI4


8.
A metal such as chromium which crystallizes in the face-centered cubic lattice will have _____ atom(s) per unit cell.
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
E.
10


9.
Iron crystallizes in the body-centered cubic lattice. What is the coordination number for Fe?
A.
4
B.
6
C.
8
D.
10
E.
12


10.
When liquid bromine is cooled to form a solid, which of the following types of solid would it form?
A.
atomic
B.
metallic
C.
molecular
D.
ionic
E.
covalent network


11.
A solution of sucrose (sugar) in water is in equilibrium with solid sucrose. If more solid sucrose is now added, with stirring,
A.
the concentration of the solution will increase.
B.
the concentration of the solution will decrease.
C.
the concentration of the solution will remain the same.
D.
the volume of solution will increase.
E.
a supersaturated solution will be produced.


12.
Which of the following pairs of ions is arranged so that the ion with the larger (i.e. more negative) heat of hydration is listed first?
A.
Br-, K+
B.
Mg2+, Sr 2+
C.
Ca2+, Sc3+
D.
Na+, Li+
E.
None of the above are arranged in this way.


13.
The Henry's Law constant (kH) for carbon monoxide in water at 25°C is 9.71×10-4 mol/L·atm. How many grams of CO will dissolve in 1.00 L of water if the partial pressure of CO is 2.75 atm?
A.
3.53 × 10-4 g
B.
2.67 × 10-3 g
C.
9.89 × 10-3 g
D.
7.48 × 10-2 g
E.
4.54 × 10-1 g


14.
Sodium hydroxide is a common ingredient in drain cleaners such as Drano. The mole fraction of sodium hydroxide in a saturated aqueous solution is 0.310. What is the molality of the solution?
A.
0.310 m
B.
0.690 m
C.
1.24 m
D.
12.4 m
E.
24.9 m


15.
Raoult's Law relates the vapor pressure of the solvent above the solution to its mole fraction in the solution. Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A.
Raoult's Law applies exactly to all solutions.
B.
Raoult's Law works best when applied to concentrated solutions.
C.
Raoult's Law works best when applied to dilute solutions.
D.
Raoult's Law applies only to non-ideal solutions.
E.
None of the above statements is accurate.


16.
From the following list of aqueous solutions and water, select the one with the highest boiling point.
A.
1.0 M KNO3
B.
0.75 M NaCl
C.
0.75 M CuCl2
D.
2.0 M C12H22O11 (sucrose)
E.
pure water


17.
Which of the following aqueous solutions will have the lowest osmotic pressure?
A.
0.10 m KOH
B.
0.10 m RbCl
C.
0.05 m CaSO4
D.
0.05 m BaCl2
E.
0.10 m K2SO4


18.
Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water. (kf = 1.86°C/m)
A.
3.3°C
B.
1.1°C
C.
0.0°C
D.
-1.1°C
E.
-3.3°C


19.
Lysine is an amino acid that is an essential part of nutrition but which is not synthesized by the human body. What is the molar mass of lysine if 750.0 mL of a solution containing 8.60 g of lysine has an osmotic pressure of 1.918 atm at T = 25.0°C?
A.
110. g/mol
B.
146 g/mol
C.
220. g/mol
D.
1340 g/mol
E.
1780 g/mol


20.
Which one of the following pairs of dispersed phases and dispersing media can never form a colloid?
A.
solid and gas
B.
liquid and gas
C.
solid and solid
D.
liquid and liquid
E.
gas and gas


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